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Eva Peron: A Key Figure in Argentina's History

By Ken Ingraham

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Published: 24Jan2012
Word count: 549
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When you attend Spanish school in Buenos Aires, you will quickly be exposed to the city's love of Eva Peron often referred to simply as "Evita." She is viewed as a major political figure that improved the lives of the poor, and, in particular, poor children. She also helped people to gain better health care. Further, she assisted senior citizens and working women by providing them with homes and jobs. When Peron died from cancer in 1952 at the age of 33, the country mourned. The congress bestowed her with the title "Spiritual Leader of the Nation."

You may already know a bit about Eva Peron's history even before you go to study Spanish in Argentina. After all, there is a famous musical "Evita" as well as the 1996 motion picture by the same name starring Madonna. Eva Peron rose to fame due to her marriage to President Juan Peron. Previous to her marriage, she was a radio, stage and film actress. Although none of her films were very successful, it is interesting to note that she was one of Argentina's highest paid radio actresses. She met her husband at a charity event a few years before he became president.

Some of the achievements that Eva Peron is most famous for include running the Ministries of Labor and Health and founding the charitable organization the Eva Peron Foundation. Additionally, she founded the country's first female political party called the Female Peronist Party.

When you think of Eva Peron, what might immediately come to mind might be two historical events. One thing that people know her for is organizing a crowd of thousands to demand her husband's release from prison. Government officials arrested him as they sought to stop his rise to power especially since he strongly supported the poor and working class. In recollection of Peron, people also consider how she addressed the crowd from the balcony of the Casa Rosada, which is Argentina's government house. However, it is interesting to note that historians argue that these events, which have been glamorized in movies and stage, didn't actually take place. They point out that the rally to release Juan Peron was actually organized by labor unions.

Eva Peron hoped to get on the ballot as a vice presidential candidate in 1951. The military, in particular, was enraged at the idea of Evita becoming president if her husband died. However, many citizens strongly supported her including the unions and the Peronist Women's Party. In 1951, there a mass rally with 2 million people was held on behalf of Evita. This rally was called Cabildo Aberto. Some say that this was the largest display for a female politician in history. People at the rally who were in favor of Eva Peron becoming Vice President yelled ¡Evita, Vice-Presidente!" Ultimately, Eva Peron didn't run for Vice-President and, in fact, she became ill shortly thereafter.

Although Eva Peron only lived 33 short years, as you will see when you study Spanish in Argentina, she is an important political figure to this day. It is easy to visit the Eva Peron Museum when you attend Spanish school in Buenos Aires. This historical mansion can be found in the Palermo neighborhood and is well worth a visit.

ECELA's Spanish school in Buenos Aires, Argentina is open 52 weeks per year, with class size never more than seven. Cultural activities and visits are an integral part of studying Spanish in Argentina.

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